Everything about Kholmogory totally explained
Kholmogory is a historic
village (
selo) and the administrative center of
Kholmogorsky District of
Arkhangelsk Oblast,
Russia. It lies on the left bank of the
Northern Dvina, along the
Kholmogory Highway, 75 km southeast of
Arkhangelsk and 90 km north of the
Antonievo-Siysky Monastery. The name is derived from the
Finnish Kalmomäki for "corpse hill" (cemetery). Population:
The Kolmogor area was at first in historical times inhabited by the Finno Ugrians "Savolotshij Thsuuds",(sa-volokis) known also as Jems (Jäämit) in old Novgorod chronicles and Karelians. The first Slavonic population to enter to Kalmamäki were Pomors (Pomortsians) from Vologda area after 1220. As early as the
14th century, the village (the name of which was then spelled
Kolmogory) was an important trading post of the
Novgorod Republic in the Far North of Russia. Its commercial importance further increased in 1554 when the
Muscovy Company made it a center of its operations in furs. The
Swedes besieged the wooden fort during the
Time of Troubles (1613), but had to retreat in failure. This later produced Russian claim, during the Soviet era, seems to be unrealistic. There isn't a single mention of such operation in Swedish military sources. In the course of the
17th and
18th centuries, the settlement was also a place of exile, notably for ex-regent
Anna Leopoldovna and her children.
In 1682, the six-pillared Kholmogory cathedral was consecrated; the biggest in the region. It was destroyed by the
Communists in the 1930s. Many ancient wooden shrines and mills, however, still survive in the neighborhood. One of the nearby villages is a birthplace of the great Russian scientist
Mikhail Lomonosov. Local artisans — such as
Fedot Shubin - have been famed for their craft of
carving the tusks of
mammoths and
walruses. The Lomonosov Bone-Carving Factory preserves the medieval tradition of this
folk art.
Further Information
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